The math of roulette

Martingale roulette betting system and calculator

Doubling after a loss makes the next stake grow quickly. See the arithmetic behind Martingale, including the total at risk and the effect of table limits.

Set your inputs

51.35% is the chance that a red bet loses on a European wheel (19/37).

Your result

$63.00

Total lost after six consecutive losses

Next stake
$64.00
Fixed-block loss chance
1.83%
Starting unit
$1.00

A progression changes exposure, not the chance of the next outcome.

Six losses from a $1 starting stake

Martingale stakes and cumulative loss over six losses from $1
BetStakeCumulative loss
Bet 1$1$1 lost in total
Bet 2$2$3 lost in total
Bet 3$4$7 lost in total
Bet 4$8$15 lost in total
Bet 5$16$31 lost in total
Bet 6$32$63 lost in total

The doubling sequence

With a $1 starting stake, the first six wagers are $1, $2, $4, $8, $16 and $32. Losing all six costs $63. The next requested wager is $64. A win at 1:1 would recover preceding losses plus one starting unit only if that next bet can actually be placed and wins.

Bankroll and maximum bets

After k losses, cumulative loss is b × (2^k − 1), and the next stake is b × 2^k. A finite bankroll or table maximum can interrupt the sequence. A string of small completed cycles does not eliminate the larger possible loss.

The probability of six losses

For a red bet on a standard European wheel, a loss has probability 19/37. Six consecutive losses in the next six spins therefore have probability (19/37)^6, about 1.83%. This is one fixed block, not the chance of ever encountering six losses.

The house edge remains

The next spin keeps the same probability regardless of stake size. Expected loss applies to each amount wagered. Doubling is not a way to turn negative expected value into a guaranteed return.

How fast Martingale stakes grow

Doubling from a $10 starting stake
Losses so farNext stakeTotal lostEuropean chance of this many losses in a row
1$20$1051.35%
2$40$3026.37%
3$80$7013.54%
4$160$1506.95%
5$320$3103.57%
6$640$6301.83%
7$1,280$1,2700.9416%
8$2,560$2,5500.4835%
9$5,120$5,1100.2483%
10$10,240$10,2300.1275%

A table limit example

Suppose a table allows bets from $5 to $500. Doubling from $5 gives $5, $10, $20, $40, $80, $160 and $320. After those seven losses the player is down $635 and the next Martingale stake would be $640, above the table maximum. On a European red bet, seven losses in a row from the start of a cycle have probability (19/37)^7, about 0.9416%. Each successful cycle wins only $5.